Domcenter装置，奥地利 / Peter haimerl architektur + Studio Clemens Bauder

2025-05-13 17:24:22景观设计,装置设计,景观设计 , 现代风格

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林茨主教座堂将自身定位为礼仪、艺术文化以及教育传播的场所。2024年，这座新哥特式建筑通过新增的 “Domcenter” 装置获得了当代性的补充，融合了宗教与世俗功能，同时也激活了主教堂广场，使其成为城市景观中的新焦点。

The Linz Mariendom sees itself as a place of liturgy, of art and culture, and of education and mediation. In 2024, the neo-Gothic building was given a contemporary addition with the Domcenter, which combines sacred and secular functions. At the same time, this impulse revitalizes the Domplatz and transforms it into a new point of attraction within the cityscape.

▼对新哥特式建筑的当代性补充，a contemporary addition to the neo-Gothic building

与既有建筑与场地语境的对话Engagement with Building Substance and Context

继2009年对主教堂广场的全面翻新及2017年祭坛区域的重新设计之后，为纪念大教堂祝圣100周年，主教堂中心于2024年落成。这一新建部分位于教堂东侧，作为无障碍出入口，不仅完善了原本相对冷清的广场区域，也将其转化为新的空间亮点。Domcenter引导访客穿过一条全新的空间序列（主教堂广场 – 主教堂中心 – 原祭衣间 – 东塔小礼拜堂），最终抵达北塔厅，使参观者得以从历史上正确的入口体验教堂空间。从城市尺度看，Domcenter在体量上呼应了西侧的大教堂工坊附属建筑，在平面布局上“完成”了教堂的对称构图。

Following the comprehensive renovation of Domplatz (2009) and the redesign of the altar area (2017), the Domcenter was realized in 2024 on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the cathedral’s consecration. This new architectural addition connects to the east side of the cathedral as a barrier-free entrance and revitalizes what was previously the least attractive part of Domplatz into a new focal point. The Domcenter guides visitors through a newly defined sequence of spaces (Domplatz – Domcenter – former sacristy – east tower chapel) into the northern tower hall, allowing visitors to experience the church space from the historically correct entrance. In urban terms, the Domcenter mirrors the Dombauhütte annex on the west side in scale, “completing” the symmetry of the cathedral in the floor plan.

▼将其转化成新的空间亮点，into a new focal point

多元协作与广泛参与Collaboration and Diversity of Project Stakeholders

Domcenter坐落于林茨主教座堂，集信息服务、公共会面、朝圣接待等多种功能于一体，其空间流程的设计——包括在东塔小礼拜堂中展示大教堂珍宝——源自一个由教会代表和未来使用者共同参与的广泛协作过程。该项目在最初的设计阶段便与奥地利联邦文物局、大教堂建筑师Wolfgang Schaffer与Michael Hager、鲁迪吉尔主教基金会进行了密切沟通与协调。

The location of the Domcenter at the Mariendom and its role as an information point and multifunctional meeting place—as well as the new spatial sequence including the presentation of the cathedral treasury in the east tower chapel—was developed through an extensive participatory process involving future users and church representatives.

The architectural design and material choices for the extension in a heritage-protected context were coordinated from the outset with the Federal Monuments Office, the cathedral master builders Wolfgang Schaffer and Michael Hager, and the Bischof Rudigier Foundation.

▼成为教堂与广场之间的过渡区域，become a transition area between the church and the square

▼成为教堂与广场之间的过渡区域，

become a transition area between the church and the square

▼家具细部，furniture detail

融为整体的和谐介入Intervention as Part of a Harmonious Gesamtkunstwerk

Domcenter的建筑设计从历史语汇中汲取灵感，并转化为当代建筑语言。其屋顶结构由三组如帐篷般的轻盈覆盖构成，呼应了“光之帐篷”这一历史意象，同时也体现出哥特式建筑的形式逻辑：翻转的穹顶似乎悬挂于教堂立面之上，轻盈而灵动。这一顶篷结构为双层壳体设计：下层承重壳体为三维曲面，营造出柔和舒适的内部氛围；上层则为二维曲面，形式上呼应教堂侧廊倒置的尖拱结构。

The architecture of the Domcenter draws on historical references and transforms them into a contemporary formal language. The roof structure consists of three canopies that refer to the tradition of light tent-like roofs. At the same time, the shapes reflect Gothic architectural language: the inverted vaults appear to be suspended from the cathedral’s facade, almost floating. The canopy construction features a double shell: the lower, load-bearing shell is three-dimensionally curved to create a soft, pleasant atmosphere inside. The upper shell is two-dimensionally curved, echoing the inverse pointed vaults of the cathedral’s side aisles.

▼屋顶结构由如帐篷般的轻盈覆盖构成，

The roof structure consists of three canopies that refer to the tradition of light tent-like roofs

▼顶篷结构为双层壳体设计，the canopy construction features a double shell

功能策略与空间弹性Utilization Concept and Flexibility

Domcenter作为教堂的欢迎入口，功能上类似于博物馆或音乐厅的前厅。访客从现代咖啡厅和信息接待点进入，由此被引导至教堂朝圣入口的历史路径中。

The Domcenter functions as an inviting entrance to the cathedral, akin to the foyer of a museum or concert hall. Visitors are welcomed by a modern café and an information point, from where they are guided through a new spatial sequence to the historically correct entrance of the pilgrimage church in the north.

▼教堂内部空间，Inside the church

▼以一条线性服务台串联各功能区，

a linear counter structures the space and guides visitors through its various areas

室内以一条线性服务台串联各功能区，整合了旅游与宗教服务，并提供灵活的空间，用于举办教会或世俗活动。地下层设有卫生间与辅助空间。新设的电梯连接所有楼层，实现从主教堂广场到教堂内部的无障碍通行。

Inside, a linear counter structures the space and guides visitors through its various areas. The Domcenter combines touristic and pastoral offerings and provides a flexible space for both church-related and secular events. The basement level houses restrooms and auxiliary rooms. A new elevator connects all levels and allows barrier-free access to the Mariendom from Domplatz.

▼灵活的展览空间，a flexible exhibition space

▼花窗光影下的展览空间，the exhibition space under stained glass window

材料与建造工艺Materials and Construction

呼应教堂的石砌结构，新建部分采用了技术先进、自由成型的混凝土结构，使其保持纤细的体量。为保护历史建筑，新建筑在结构上与大教堂完全脱离：三个屋顶壳体由多个预制构件组成，分别设置于独立支撑之上，悬浮于历史立面之前而不与之接触。沿教堂长立面布置的纤细支撑仅起抗倾斜的拉力作用。下层壳体承载结构并营造出动感空间氛围，而上层壳体则集成隔热材料，在满足功能的同时形态上呼应教堂拱顶。

In line with the cathedral’s stone shell, a technologically sophisticated, freely shaped concrete structure was chosen, allowing for a slender profile. For conservation reasons, the extension is structurally detached from the cathedral: the three shell structures (made of several prefabricated elements) rest on individual supports and rise in front of the historic facade without touching it.

The fine canopy supports along the longitudinal facade serve only as tension elements to prevent tilting toward the cathedral. The load-bearing lower shell creates a dynamic spatial atmosphere, while the upper shell, equipped with integrated thermal insulation, fulfills functional requirements and formally references the cathedral’s vaulted ceilings.

▼纤细的混凝土结构，concrete structure allowing for a slender profile

结构工程、建筑物理与机电系统Structural Engineering, Building Physics, and Building Services

由于与历史建筑在结构上的脱离（见第5点），主教堂中心自地下至屋顶的建造均可实现可逆性，满足文物保护的可持续性要求。仅为设置电梯以实现三层的无障碍通达，地下部分对原祭衣间进行了加固。此外，大教堂工坊还在原建筑外墙上开设了一个新的出入口。

Due to the structural decoupling (see point 5) from the historic building, the extension was designed to be reversible from basement to roof in accordance with preservation guidelines. Only for the installation of the elevator—which ensures barrier-free access to all three levels—was the former sacristy underpinned in the basement. Additionally, a new access point was created in its exterior wall by the Dombauhütte.

▼灯光细部，lighting detail

Domcenter接入城市区域供热系统，通风则通过嵌入主教堂广场绿地中的通风塔实现。建筑背后的砂岩墙体作为热质体被充分利用，其高储热性能可防止夏季过热，并通过湿度调节营造舒适的室内环境。

The Domcenter is connected to the city’s district heating network, and ventilation is provided via ventilation towers embedded in the green space of Domplatz. The thermal mass of the sandstone wall at the rear was leveraged to its full potential: its high storage capacity prevents overheating in summer and regulates humidity for a pleasant indoor climate.

▼夜景，night view