海口市长天中学概念方案 / 熊星XING DESIGN

2025-05-30 14:45:49建筑设计,科研教育,教育建筑 , 现代风格

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“海潮计划”“Sea Tide”

“海潮计划”海口市教育建筑集群设计工作营由北京市建筑设计研究院股份有限公司领衔，于2023年6月16日启动，是海口市政府为自贸岛（港）时代的国际视野下，提升海口城市建设与城市影响力的专业系列活动之一。

The “Sea Tide” Haikou Educational Building Cluster Design Workshop, spearheaded by Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD), was launched on June 16, 2023. It is one of a series of Haikou’s initiatives to enhance urban development and global influence during the Hainan Free Trade Port era.

▼鸟瞰校园，Aerial view of interwoven campus

“海潮计划”以“新时代、新锐性、示范性、前瞻性、大众化”的总体定位，通过创新的模式，为海口市探索并建立一套高标准、高质量的集群设计机制，支持海口市教育建筑建设和城市高质量发展。 “海潮计划”分期开展海口市13所学校的设计工作，结合学生的成长特点和多元化的教育理念，打造一批符合教育理念变革、以学生为中心、兼顾海口城市特色的新型校园，创建新时代教育建筑示范发展样板。2024年1月25日，海潮计划举行评审发布会，我们的“互联森林” INTER LINKS，在海口长天中学的概念设计竞赛中胜出，成为该校未来实施的蓝本。

Positioned as “New Era, Cutting-edge, Exemplary, Forward-looking, and Inclusive,” the project establishes a high-quality cluster design mechanism for Haikou. It supports educational infrastructure and urban development through phased design of 13 schools. These campuses integrate student growth patterns and modern pedagogy to create student-centered for future Tropical education architecture. On January 25, 2024, Our proposal, “INTER LINKS,” won the conceptual design competition for Haikou Changtian Middle School, becoming the blueprint for its future implementation.

▼建筑群高低起伏，Undulate and dynamic skyline

重塑未来热带中学教育空间Reshaping Future Tropical Middle Schools

中学建筑是一种成熟的建筑类型。在统一的办学模式的要求，以及中学校设计规范无微不至的关照之下，已经筛选出几种的固定形态。然而，中国地域气候差异显著，教育模式与时俱进，一刀切的规范是否放之四海而皆准？大同小异的学校建筑是否能适应更多元、更丰富的未来教学需求？千校一面是否能容纳青少年个性成长？

Middle school architecture has standardized typologies developed under uniform operational models and stringent design codes. Yet given China’s climatic diversity and evolving education models: Are universal standards still relevant? Can similar schools meet diverse future needs? Do uniform campuses support adolescent individuality?

▼校园建筑如同森林，The campus forest

▼通往风雨操场的庭院，Courtyard access toward the sheltered Arena

▼每个节点都是垂直交通核，Each node a vertical circulation core

▼观众席直通各层教学楼，Audience terraces access all teaching floors

在“海潮计划”之前，深圳做了不少热带中学建筑的研究探索：在热带低纬度地区，比起日照更需要遮阳防炫；学校空旷操场暴晒，无法承担所有户外活动场景，也需要更多可遮荫挡雨、分散式灰空间；学校人数多时间齐，需要分散路径而非集中瓶颈造成拥堵，等等。我们借此次海潮计划的机会，对以上问题进行梳理，尝试设计一套为海口气候定制的，面向未来的中学建筑类型。

Preceding this project, Shenzhen’s tropical school research revealed: Low-latitude regions prioritize shading over sunlight exposure; exposed playgrounds need supplemented shaded transitional spaces; synchronized student movement requires dispersed circulation to prevent congestion. Through the competition, we address these challenges to design a climate-responsive, future-oriented middle school typology for Haikou.

▼暴雨倾盆也不影响上课通行，Stormproof pathways ensure seamless access to classes

▼中庭作为图书馆，The library is nestled within a central covered courtyard

▼图书馆四周通透开放，The library stands open and transparent on all sides

网络模式The Network

我们把学校空间视为一种自由连接的网络，而非传统廊道，并且全部首层架空——形成全域无伞通行。风雨走廊除了遮阳避雨的交通功能，也是容纳社团活动、小型展览等多样化功能空间，成为学生课间交流的“社交网络”。

We reconceive school space as an interconnected network (not corridors) with fully elevated ground floors—enabling campus-wide rainproof circulation. Covered walkways serve as both weather-protected routes and multifunctional “social networks” for club activities and exhibitions.

▼庭院各不相同，Each courtyard is distinct

每个节点是一个垂直交通枢纽。以其为中心，“树枝状”发散互联，“枝杈”上排列着模块化的教学等功能空间。由“树杈”围合的庭院形态各异，既可作为露天社交场域，也可覆顶转化为图书馆、食堂等室内空间。

Each node acts as a vertical hub. Modular learning spaces align along branching connections from these hubs. Branch-enclosed courtyards vary in form, functioning as open social areas or covered indoor spaces (e.g., libraries, canteens).

▼枝干互联网络，也为围合庭院，Branches form a network, while also enclosing courtyards

整个网络建筑群通过起伏造型实现自遮阳，将年2000小时的强日照转化为柔光，同时削弱热带气旋影响，维持自然通风。这种Inter Links体系模糊了交通与功能的界限，形成有机生长的森林式结构。这就是Inter Links概念核心。

The undulating complex self-shades, transforming 2000+ annual sunshine hours into soft light while mitigating tropical cyclones and enabling natural ventilation. This Inter Links system blurs circulation/function boundaries, creating an organic forest-like structure—the core concept.

▼首层架空全域连廊，无伞通行，Covered walkways throughout, umbrella-free

置入场地Site Integration

作为102 班完全中学，初中 36 班，高中 66 班。场地面积为128120平方米，北侧与东侧是城市道路，西侧和南侧是农田。校园对角布置400米与300米跑道，缓冲城市噪音。

Designed for 102 classes (36 junior + 66 senior high) on a 128,120m² site. Urban roads border north/east; farmland south/west. Diagonal 400m/300m tracks buffer urban noise.

▼实体模型，Physical Model

▼置入场地，Site Integration

东北角退让形成交通广场，塑造开阔的城市界面和学校集散入口。广场两侧设置风雨操场与报告厅，可作为公共设施承办活动，而不影响中学内部教学生活。

A northeast setback creates a transport plaza with school entrance. Flanking covered sports halls and auditorium host public events without disrupting campus life.

▼动态算法，舍弃均匀网络，Algorithm to Avoid Rigid Grid

宿舍区远离道路临接运动场，食堂利用宿舍围合的中庭，屋顶花园提供休憩空间，天井采光通风。

Dorms adjacent to sports fields face away from roads. The canteen uses a dorm-enclosed atrium with rooftop gardens and lightwells.

▼垂直交通节点，Vertical Core Node

图书馆位于校园网络核心，是教学楼的枝杈围合的庭院加玻璃天光而成，光线柔和，首层四周通透。与传统中学图书馆作为标志性主楼的庄严肃穆和纪念性不同，它是一个数字内容与纸质书本共存的，开放而通透的媒体学习中心，

The central library—a glass-roofed courtyard within teaching branches—features soft light and ground-floor transparency. Unlike traditional monumental libraries, it’s an open media hub blending digital/physical resources.

▼图书馆，Library

▼庭院，Courtyard

初高中部通过连廊实现资源共享，立面遮阳反射滤光片构件与格栅墙增强光环境调控，架空层形成穿堂风系统。

Link corridors connect junior/senior sections. Facade sunshades and grille walls optimize light; elevated floors enable cross-ventilation.

▼墙身，WTP

▼体育馆，GYM

设计思辨Design Reflections

问：为何拒绝均质网格？

答：采用均质网络，会强化纪念性和和压迫感，非但不像一座自由的森林，反倒如同监狱。而且，自由网络更适应场地微调需求，形成有机空间体验。

Q: Why avoid rigid grids?

A: They impose monumentality and oppression—resembling prisons, not forests. Flexible networks better adapt to sites, creating organic spatial experiences.

▼概念原型，InterLinks Prototype

问：会不会迷路？

答：初期需要视觉导视，但是熟悉之后，会发现每个院落都不一样，反而产生场域归属感。何况，在一个刻板的，毫无探索欲的地方度过六年的青春时光，是一件多么无聊的事情。我们希望让学生在学业压力之下，保持趣味性和新鲜感。

以Inter Links 摒弃传统校园的刻板空间，构建气候适应性建筑网络，将校园转化为”会呼吸的森林”，在连接、遮阳、通风的物理性能之外，也承载青春记忆与创新思维的培育。建筑与自然、个体与社群、学习与休憩紧密交织，诠释了热带中学的未来形态。

Q: Navigation concerns?

A: Initial wayfinding VI system needed. After weeks students will navigate it like their own Minecraft world with unique courtyards. Boring schools are so last decade; ours is an adventure map,We preserve discovery amid academic rigor.

The Inter Links, replacing rigid campus forms with a climate-responsive network. Ecological strategies transform it into a “breathing forest” that cultivates youth memories and innovation beyond physical connectivity/shading/ventilation. Here, architecture-nature, individual-community, and learning-life intertwine, defining the future tropical school.

▼实体模型，Physical Model