东南村8号住宅，大理 / xiān氙建筑

2025-08-28 15:07:23建筑设计,住宅,居住建筑 , 现代风格

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气候、生机Climate and Vitality

沙溪相对南边的大理来说，是一个小山小水的小坝子。黑惠江从高原的褶皱间，由北往南从坝子中央缓缓穿过。2100米海拔的温凉，丰沛富裕的阳光，清澈透明的空气，使沙溪在气候层面成为适宜长居的地理场所。虽然在整一年里温差不大，但四季景观分明，各类植物物种在这无扰的富饶之地，长势皆恣意繁荣。对于人来说，这片坝子的微气候极其丰富，从艳阳高照、层云叠嶂、阵雨淅淅到再次转晴，常常在一转眼的功夫就完成流转轮回。你以为的阴影，不是阴天，只是一朵云的影子。诸如此类的风云变幻，是触手可及的梦幻。

Compared to Dali to the south, Shaxi is a small basin nestled between mountains and rivers. The Heihui River flows gently through the center of the basin, flowing from north to south, through the folds of the plateau. At an altitude of 2,100 meters, the cool, abundant sunshine, and clear, transparent air make Shaxi a climatically suitable place for long-term residence. Although the temperature fluctuates little year-round, the landscape is distinct throughout the four seasons, and a variety of plant species thrive in this undisturbed and fertile land. For humans, this basin offers an incredibly diverse microclimate, shifting from bright sunshine to layered clouds, then light showers to clear skies again, often completing a cycle in the blink of an eye. What you perceive as a shadow is not an overcast sky, but merely the shadow of a cloud. Such shifts in weather are a tangible dream.

▼沙溪坝子鸟瞰，The aerial view of Shaxi Valley

建筑遗产Architectural Heritage

2001年，位于坝子正中心的沙溪寺登街作为“茶马古道上唯一的幸存古集市”，被世界纪念性建筑保护基金会选入其“值得关注的101个世界濒危建筑遗产名录”。古戏台加魁阁（供奉魁星、祈福文运昌盛、保佑金榜题名的场所，始建于1796—1820年间）立于兴教寺正对面，与商铺共同围合成为四方街广场，也是寺登街古集市的中心，各种节日活动至今都在广场展开。盛大的火把节，人们纵情高歌、人人跳舞，白族人在魁阁戏台上通过演戏娱神，并非现代意义上的审美活动。所有人都处在有愿力的场所之中，祈福风雨和谐、平安、礼赞生存与万物生机。每到傍晚，主人小白都在古镇中心广场上和朋友们踢毽子。此刻，我们大家真正进入的不再是建筑学的知识传统，而是一种连续的时空情境：我们置身于历史之中，又在此刻的日常生活中，看到“我们”来时的路。这给予我们一种信念——日常与天地一体的生活和建筑场所，至今犹在。

In 2001, Shaxi Sideng Street, located in the heart of the basin, was selected by the World Monuments Fund as “the only surviving ancient market on the Tea-Horse Road” on its “List of 101 World Heritage in Danger.” The ancient opera stage and Kui Pavilion (a place dedicated to Kuixing, the star of heaven, for praying for prosperity and success in scholarships, built between 1796 and 1820) stand directly opposite Xingjiao Temple. Together with the shops, they form Sifang Street Square, the heart of the Sideng Street ancient market. Various festivals still take place in the square. During the grand Torch Festival, people sing and dance with abandon. The Bai people entertain the gods through performances on the Kui Pavilion stage, which are not aesthetic activities in the modern sense. Everyone is immersed in a place of aspiration, praying for harmony between wind and rain, peace, and celebrating life and the vitality of all things. Every evening, the host, Xiaobai, plays shuttlecock with his friends in the central square of the ancient town. At this moment, we are no longer truly entering into a tradition of architectural knowledge, but rather a continuous spatial and temporal context: we are immersed in history, yet in our daily lives today, we can see the path we have come from. This gives us a belief that the places of daily life and architecture, where we are one with the universe, still exist today.

The natural villages and spiritual facilities in Shaxi Basin

©xiān氙建筑

日常生活的组织Organization of Daily Life

“我想有一个可以恣意生活的房子”，我们理解小白的恣意，不仅仅是功能房间的排列，而是可以通过建筑的姿态，对个体独处、群体的欢乐，对生命律动、不同日常状态进行敏锐回应。人是鲜活的生命体，对应着最灵敏的关系尚待组织。在传统的沙溪白族民居中，四合五个天井的设置，天然蕴藏着迎请自然的潜力，非常强烈的给人安宁稳定的空间感受。我们最终的平面布局也延用了东南西北四个区的布局方式。

“I want a house where I can live freely.” We understand Xiaobai’s freedom as more than just the arrangement of functional rooms. Rather, it’s the architectural gesture that sensitively responds to individual solitude, the joy of community, the rhythms of life, and the diverse daily states. Humans are living beings, corresponding to the most sensitive relationships yet to be organized.In traditional Shaxi Bai dwellings, the quadrangular, five-atrium design naturally holds the potential to welcome nature, creating a strong sense of tranquility and stability. Our final floor plan also adheres to the four-zone layout of east, south, west, and north.

▼东南村鸟瞰和建成后的8号，Aerial View of Southeast Village and Completed House No. 8

东南村8号位于古镇中心广场东南方向的两公里位置。我们第一次在广场上喝着咖啡，便迷上了一群召唤天地、随时起飞的神鸟——魁阁戏台。其屋檐灵动、夸张翘起，与“人神以合”的公共活动交相辉映，平日看确实不同寻常。哪怕在离开沙溪之后，它也是萦绕在我们心中、再也挥之不去的“金阁”。很想做一个可以和古戏台相映照的现代建筑。整个大理州地区都是日照充足的高原坝子，在阳光下久待受不了，在阴影里便凉爽好在得很。做一个像鸟或其他生物一样的屋檐既是气候所需，也是潜在需求的显化。因此我们把一层的屋檐（二层平台、二层走廊扶手、主卧阳台扶手）二层的屋檐（屋顶平台的女儿墙）都做了三维曲面的设计。像鸟一样停在屋子上面，为人提供庇护和阴影。

No. 8 Dongnan Village is located two kilometers southeast of the ancient town’s central square. Our first coffee in the square captivated us, captivated by the Kuige Opera Stage, a flock of mythical birds that summon heaven and earth, ready to take flight at a moment’s notice. Its dynamic, exaggerated eaves echo the public celebration of “unity between man and god,” making it truly remarkable even on a normal day. Even after leaving Shaxi, it lingers in our hearts as the “Golden Pavilion,” an unforgettable image. I longed to create a modern building that complemented the ancient stage. The entire Dali Prefecture region is a plateau of abundant sunshine. Prolonged exposure to the sun is unbearable, while the coolness of shade is incredibly beneficial. Creating eaves that resemble birds or other creatures is both a climatic necessity and a manifestation of a latent need. Therefore, we designed the first-floor eaves (on the second-floor platform, second-floor corridor handrails, and master bedroom balcony handrails) and the second-floor eaves (on the roof platform parapet) with three-dimensional curved surfaces. Like birds perched above the house, they provide shelter and shade.

▼寺登街广场上的魁阁戏台，Kuige Stage on Sideng Street Square

前院紧致，后院倾向于野放。前院施工封顶之后，小白又意外租下花园后院和停车场，包含储藏间、酒窖、晾晒区、木工坊和营地。

The front yard is compact, while the backyard tends to be left to the wild. After the front yard was completed, Xiaobai unexpectedly rented the garden, backyard and parking lot, which included a storage room, wine cellar, drying area, wood workshop and camping site.

▼东南村建成后的鸟瞰，Aerial View of the Completed Southeast Village

东区（正房客厅和主卧）+ 西区（瑜伽茶室和客房）East Area (Main House Living Room and Master Bedroom) + West Area (Yoga Tea Room and Guest Room)

面朝黑惠江的是正房，即地势最高的东区。楼上的主人套房及屋顶露台，正对着东南村的魁阁，楼下客厅（即兴音乐区）向院子延伸出舞台，所有的钢框落地门窗都可以平移或折叠打开，没有地轨，室内外边界更加模糊，支持畅快活动。

Facing the Heihui River is the Main House, the highest section of the East Area. The upstairs master suite and rooftop terrace face the Kui Pavilion of Southeast Village. The downstairs living room (improvisational music area) extends into the courtyard with a stage. All steel-framed floor-to-ceiling doors and windows can be opened horizontally or folded, without floor rails, blurring the boundaries between indoors and outdoors, allowing for seamless activities.

▼从西区露台看向正房，View of the Main House from the West Terrace

沙溪秋冬的夜晚偏凉，壁炉是大理地区非常实用的温暖设施。为了营造篝火的体感，我们在东区一层客厅沙发影音区、乐器区和舞台的交汇处，设计了三面观火的开放壁炉，让晚上的聚会有了野外露营的感受。同时，结合混凝土结构柱直通屋顶，插入天空，直接与云天和华丛山对话，成为了陪伴天地的纪念碑。

Shaxi’s autumn and winter nights can be chilly, and fireplaces are a highly practical warmth feature in Dali. To create a campfire experience, we designed an open fireplace with three-sided views at the intersection of the sofa, audio-visual area, instrument area, and stage in the East Area’s first-floor living room, giving evening gatherings the feeling of camping. Furthermore, the concrete structural columns extend directly through the roof, piercing the sky, directly communicating with the clouds and Huacong Mountain, creating a monument that stands in harmony with nature.

▼客厅舞台，Living Room Stage

精细调整各区高差关系，使东区的视野能够尽量穿过西区望向远方。西区茶室、瑜伽室低于客厅舞台地面1.2米，层高也尽量压低，使二层眺望平台的所有邻近区域，经过几步台阶即可到达，直望坝子群山山口。

The height differences between the various zones were carefully adjusted to maximize the view from the east zone through the west zone. The tea room and yoga room in the west zone are 1.2 meters below the living room stage floor, and the ceiling heights are kept as low as possible, allowing all adjacent areas of the second-floor viewing platform to be reached via a few steps, offering a direct view of the mountain passes of the Bazi Mountains.

▼从客厅看向西区，View from the living room towards the west area

从院子里，为了得到向外瞭望的丰富视角，把西区和北区的二层独立客房体量控制得比较短，形态上也想和远山、华丽的天光云彩之间，产生特别的张力。每个区每一层的地面标高、房间层高，各不相同、环环相扣，总是让人在体感上不由自主地移动，被不停切换的视野所牵引。

From the courtyard, to provide diverse views outward, the second-floor independent guest rooms in the west and north zones were kept relatively short. The design also sought to create a unique tension between the rooms and the distant mountains and the magnificent sky and clouds. The ground elevations and room heights of each zone and floor are distinct and interconnected, creating a constant sense of movement and a constant flow of perspectives.

▼瑜伽室茶室前的鱼池，Fish pond in front of the yoga room and tea room

▼一层茶室和二层客房，Tea room on the first floor and guest rooms on the second floor

▼瑜伽室前水池，Pool in front of the yoga room

▼从西区露台看向正房通高柱体，View of the main house’s high columns from the west terrace

▼南区露台看向主卧，View of the main house’s high columns from the west terrace

▼壁炉及客厅、主卧工作台，Fireplace and workbench in living room and master bedroom

▼篝火壁炉及舞台，Bonfire fireplace and stage

从客厅有隐蔽的独立楼梯上二层主卧。主卧外的露台视野开阔，若在此处就着酒凭歌起舞，容易迷醉；无论是闭着眼睛或是身处月色下，我们希望不是先看到“边界”，而是感受“边界”。

A hidden independent staircase leads from the living room to the second-floor master bedroom. The terrace outside the master bedroom offers a wide view, where dancing with wine and singing could easily lead to intoxication. Whether with eyes closed or under the moonlight, we hope not to see the “boundary” first, but to feel it.

▼从南区露台看向主卧，View from the south terrace towards the master bedroom

▼从南区露台看向正房和书塔顶，View of the Main House and Study Tower Top from the South Terrace

▼正房露台与烟囱，Main house terrace and chimney

▼正房屋檐与烟囱、落日装置，Main house eaves, chimney, and sunset installation

在西侧女儿墙曲面的最低处、面朝落日的方向，有一组轻盈的不锈钢线性装置，显现太阳的最后一抹高光以朝魁阁。烟囱口的长明灯、“船板”上的烟棕色碎石，诸如此类的细节，一起迎接着或壮烈或隐秘的云彩、烟霞、日出和日落。

At the lowest point of the curved west parapet, facing the setting sun, a series of lightweight stainless steel linear fixtures illuminate the sun’s final rays towards Kui Pavilion. Details like the chimney’s eternal lamp and the smoky brown gravel on the “shipboard” welcome the majestic and subtle clouds, haze, sunrise and sunset.

▼从正房露台看本村魁星阁，View of Kuixing Pavilion in this village from the main house terrace

与自然连通：日晷塔、书塔Connecting with Nature: Sundial Tower, book Tower

我们赞叹四季如春的阳光和空气，邀请风、雨、阴影等美妙的自然要素来共同生活，我们把所有精力（对尺度、形态、多样材质、不同光线的判断）都投入到时间、空间、气韵、情感等各种灵敏关系的组织之中。从建筑、室内到心灵陈设，让人深入体验到更多层面的支持、与更大的存在共处。自然成为日常的尺度。

▼塔、公共空间与卧室布局图，Layout Plan of the Tower, Public Spaces, and Bedrooms

▼日晷光针和影针变化，Changes in Light and Shadow of the Sundial’s Gnomon

We admire the spring-like sunshine and air year-round, inviting the wonderful elements of nature—wind, rain, and shadow—to coexist. We devote all our energy (judging scale, form, diverse materials, and varying light) to organizing the sensitive relationships between time, space, aura, and emotion. From architecture and interiors to spiritual furnishings, we allow people to deeply experience a deeper level of support and coexistence with a greater existence. Nature becomes the scale of everyday life.

▼日晷光针变化，Changes in the sunlight falling on the sundial’s gnomon

我们想把上空的存在，包括太阳和月亮，通过日晷塔强烈地显影出来。沙溪接近北回归线，夏季较高的太阳会将小屋面的影子落在弧形墙上，于是屋面的缝隙形成“光针”；冬季太阳高度角低，垂直于地面的柱体在墙上投下更多“影针”。无论是云的阴影变换，还是雨的流落，对室内来说都是精彩的剧目。夜晚，它又成为月晷塔。显影与剧目，光针与影针的刻度，都不息不止。

We wanted to strongly project the presence of the sky, both the sun and the moon, through the sundial tower. Shaxi is located near the Tropic of Cancer. In summer, the high sun casts the shadow of the cabin on the curved wall, creating “light needles” in the gaps of the roof. In winter, the sun’s altitude is low, and the vertical columns cast even more “shadow needles” on the wall. Whether it’s the shifting shadows of clouds or the falling rain, they create a spectacular spectacle within the interior. At night, the structure becomes a moondial. The projection and the spectacle, the scale of the light and shadow needles, are constantly evolving.

▼日晷针，Gnomon

▼日晷塔，Gnomon Tower

▼日晷针与水池，The Gnomon and the Water Pool

▼从瑜伽室看日晷塔，View of the Gnomon Tower from the Yoga Room

▼从日晷塔看瑜伽室，View of the Yoga Room from the Gnomon Tower

日晷塔与同样灵敏的日常接壤。瑜伽室茶室的天花净高被压低到2.25米，使身体尽量席地、触碰、遨游。空间同时接收来自多个开口的光，大部分被深棕色的织物壁布和顶布所吸收，也从棕黑色竹地板的横锯纹理微微反射出来，身体和意识是敏锐的，从阴翳之中望向四处无限远的高光，促人专注或遐想。茶桌上方的射灯只有一瓦，很像在野外露营过夜时，我们眼看着小白独自划着桨板在湖水中央的无垠。

The sundial tower connects to an equally sensitive everyday. The ceiling height of the yoga and tea rooms is lowered to 2.25 meters, allowing the body to maximize its ability to sit, touch, and wander. The space receives light simultaneously from multiple openings, mostly absorbed by the dark brown fabric wall coverings and ceiling, while also slightly reflected from the cross-sawn texture of the brown-black bamboo flooring. The body and consciousness are acute, gazing out from the shadows at the infinitely distant highlights, encouraging concentration or reverie. The spotlight above the tea table is a mere one watt, much like camping in the wilderness, watching Xiaobai paddling alone on a paddleboard across the vast expanse of the lake.

▼茶室，Tea Room

起初的空塔是一个可以观察天空云雨的空间，让独处或者小型聚会更有想象力，对乐器也特别友好。中途因为有上万本书的缘分，空塔恰如其分成为6米多通高的书塔。

▼空塔，Sky Tower

Originally, the Sky Tower was a space for observing the sky, clouds, and rain, allowing for more imagination in solitude or small gatherings, and also being particularly friendly to musical instruments. However, due to the presence of tens of thousands of books, the Sky Tower has become a book tower over 6 meters tall.

▼空塔，Sky Tower

▼冬季的书塔，Winter’s Book Tower

▼从书塔看向客厅和书阁，View of the Living Room and Book Chamber from the Book Tower

▼从客厅看书塔，View of the Book Tower from the Living Room

▼看向书阁和主卧，View of the Book Chamber and the Master Bedroom

▼从主卧看空塔，View of the Sky Tower from the Master Bedroom

书塔顶部是俯瞰整个坝子的最高视点，小白每年都会花上一段时间独自在野外露营，鼓形开口的四周也逐步发展成从野外回来，能跳进水里看着星星泡澡、卧躺、喝茶的地方。

The top of the Book Tower is the highest viewpoint overlooking the entire dam. Xiaobai spends some time camping alone in the wild every year. The area around the drum-shaped opening has gradually developed into a place where people can jump into the water to watch the stars, take a bath, lie down, and drink tea after returning from the wild.

▼书塔上屋顶泡池，Rooftop pool on the book tower

▼屋顶泡澡，Rooftop bath

南区（客房）+ 北区（客房和餐厅）South Area (Guest Rooms) + North Area (Guest Rooms and Restaurant)

南区和北区也形成一组对视和互动关系。人会随着自然的起伏共振，不同性格和关系的朋友都能在丰富的场景中找到自己的位置，并且强烈地感受到与彼此同在。

The South and North Areas also form a relationship of mutual observation and interaction.People resonate with the ebb and flow of nature. Friends of different personalities and backgrounds can find their place in the rich landscape and feel a strong sense of presence.

▼客房立面，Guest room facade

▼庭院空间，Courtyard space

▼从北区客房看内院，View of the inner courtyard from the north guest room

▼餐厅，Restaurant

▼平台与北区，Platform and North District

▼主入口与北区，Main entrance and north area

结语Epilogue

小白说，他有了一个满足一切的房子，在沙溪的生活也让他对苏轼在一千年前写下“是造物者之无尽藏也，而吾与子之所共适”的状态有强烈共鸣。我们也把这两行赋，设计迎请到了东南村8号的入口装置上，欢迎你。随着天南海北的朋友们、更多人的到访，小白和我们都开始被问到：2040年，带不走的房子要交还给房东是不是很可惜？小白期待着自己在任何时候都能有放下一切的勇气，说走就走地去往下一程。我们是相信建筑不仅是宅基地上的物体，建筑也是一种共通的语言，能够传达：人们在日常之中，有觉察与自然宇宙紧紧相连、感受生命状态的可能。

Xiaobai says he now has a house that satisfies everything. Living in Shaxi also resonates strongly with the sentiment Su Shi wrote a thousand years ago: “This is the Creator’s endless treasure, and this is where you and I share.” We also designed these two lines of poetry as a welcome installation at the entrance of No. 8 Dongnan Village. With friends from all over the world and more people visiting, Xiaobai and we are beginning to be asked: “Will it be a pity to return the house we can’t take with us in 2040?” Xiaobai hopes that at any time he can have the courage to let go of everything and leave at any time for the next journey. We believe that architecture is not just an object on a residential plot; it is also a universal language that can convey the possibility that people can perceive their close connection with the natural universe and experience the state of life in their daily lives.

▼场地平面，Site plan