第十届中国花卉博览会世纪馆，上海/建筑设计

2022-01-04 16:33:11建筑设计,展览展示,文化建筑 , 现代风格

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第十届中国花卉博览会世纪馆

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2021年五月第十届中国花卉博览会在上海崇明举行，以“蝶恋花”为主题的世纪馆是两大永久展馆之一。作为平面翼展近300米的大型地景式覆土建筑，世纪馆不仅打造了全国最大的自由曲面连续拱壳混凝土屋面结构，还通过对自然风、光资源的充分利用实现了本次花博会低能耗、低消耗的“生态办博”理念，描绘出花开盛世、多元文化和谐共融的美好画卷。

In May 2021, the 10th China Flower Expo was held in Chongming, Shanghai. The century pavilion with the theme of "butterflies love flowers" is one of the two permanent pavilions. As a large-scale landscape covered earth building with a plane wingspan of nearly 300 meters, the century pavilion has not only built the largest free-form curved continuous arch shell concrete roof structure in China, but also realized the "ecological Expo" concept of low energy consumption and low consumption through the full use of natural wind and light resources, depicting a beautiful picture of blooming flowers and harmonious integration of diverse cultures.

▼世纪馆鸟瞰，Aerial view of century Pavilion

▼屋面“花坡”，Roof "flower slope"

作为木本花卉展馆，世纪馆总建筑面积12348平方米，包括东馆与西馆两个部分，东馆为沉浸式的视觉艺术多媒体展厅而西馆为实体珍稀木本植物主题馆，两馆之间通过连桥相互连接。

As a woody flower exhibition hall, the century pavilion has a total construction area of 12348 square meters, including the East Pavilion and the West Pavilion. The East Pavilion is an immersive visual art multimedia exhibition hall, while the West Pavilion is a Theme Pavilion of rare woody plants. The two pavilions are connected by a bridge.

▼东馆，Dongguan

▼西馆，West Pavilion

为规避短期展会的集中高能耗，世纪馆充分利用过渡季的温和气候，以整体开敞的策略营造全自然的通风采光环境，通过被动式的节能策略最大程度地降低了设备系统的负荷。

In order to avoid the concentrated high energy consumption of short-term exhibitions, the century Pavilion makes full use of the mild climate in the transition season to create a natural ventilation and lighting environment with an overall open strategy, and reduces the load of the equipment system to the greatest extent through the passive energy-saving strategy.

▼开敞的北立面，Open north elevation

独立展厅作为可替换的功能单元，与薄壳主体结构分离，从而为展厅的布置提供了足够的兼容度，也为会后改造时的新旧功能单元替换提供了最大灵活度，以此实现可持续性的发展。生态可持续的建筑技术手段，使世纪馆成为国内首批获得WELL金级中期认证的展览建筑。

As a replaceable functional unit, the independent exhibition hall is separated from the main structure of the thin shell, which provides sufficient compatibility for the layout of the exhibition hall and maximum flexibility for the replacement of new and old functional units during the post conference transformation, so as to achieve sustainable development. The ecologically sustainable building technology means that the century pavilion has become one of the first exhibition buildings in China to obtain the gold mid-term certification of well.

▼世纪馆可替换单元，Replaceable unit of century Pavilion

▼连桥，Connecting bridge

▼从连桥望向展厅，From the bridge to the exhibition hall

以“蝶恋花”寄托破茧成蝶的寓意，世纪馆取形于中华虎凤蝶，覆土坡屋面在南向形成一面花坡，与全开敞的北立面形成 “虚”与“实”的对比，流畅的曲线兼顾造型与使用空间的合理性，使世纪馆呈现出振翅欲飞的神态。

With the implication of "butterflies love flowers", the century Pavilion is shaped from the Chinese tiger, Phoenix and butterfly. The earth covered slope roof forms a flower slope in the south, forming a contrast between "virtual" and "real" with the fully open North facade. The smooth curve gives consideration to the rationality of the shape and the use space, making the century Pavilion look like it is ready to fly.

▼振翅欲飞，Flapping wings to fly

▼屋面花坡，Roof flower slope

结构是世纪馆最大的挑战。壳体结构的应用实现了结构厚度的最小化，并发展出了独创的自由边界预应力平衡混凝土薄壳体系。跨度280米的薄壳由“树林”状的摇摆柱阵支撑，并应对蝴蝶的自由边界将单拱化解为连续拱组合，从而进一步将壳体的厚度减小至250mm。最大1.6米的拱高被消隐在屋面的覆土层内，在满足结构合理性的同时兼顾空间的实用性，实现壳体下使用空间的纯净性。

The structure is the biggest challenge of the century Pavilion. The application of shell structure minimizes the thickness of the structure, and develops an original free boundary prestressed balanced concrete thin shell system. The thin shell with a span of 280 meters is supported by a "forest" like rocking column array, and the single arch should be resolved into a continuous arch combination against the free boundary of the butterfly, so as to further reduce the thickness of the shell to 250mm. The maximum arch height of 1.6m is hidden in the overburden of the roof, which meets the structural rationality and takes into account the practicality of the space, so as to realize the purity of the space under the shell.

三层1080°的不等半径螺旋楼梯以单柱撑起80吨的重量并悬挑10m，在创新性的设计中挑战了结构的极限。

The 1080 ° unequal radius spiral stairs on three floors support 80 tons of weight with a single column and suspend for 10m, which challenges the limit of the structure in the innovative design.

▼连续拱壳生成，Continuous arch shell generation

▼旋转楼梯，Spiral stairs

为保证曲面空间的纯净性，世纪馆将地下的结构拉结层发展为容纳综合管廊的空间，将原本在楼板下穿行的设备管线全部隐藏。整体开敞的设计策略使每个展厅均独立配备空调系统，避免了穿越公共空间的风管和屋面设备机组，在净化室内空间的同时使“第五立面”成为纯净的“花海”。

In order to ensure the purity of the curved space, the century pavilion has developed the underground structural tie layer into a space to accommodate the comprehensive pipe gallery, and hidden all the equipment pipelines that originally passed under the floor. The overall open design strategy enables each exhibition hall to be equipped with an independent air conditioning system, avoiding air ducts and roof equipment units that cross the public space, and making the "Fifth Facade" a pure "sea of flowers" while purifying the indoor space.

▼地下管廊，Underground pipe gallery

光导管将天光引入壳体下幽暗的空间，营造出“洞窟”式的空间意境，强调了一种刻意的冷静。冷静的室内空间与五彩缤纷的覆土屋面形成强烈的对比，在近距离尺度下凸显了曲面空间的表现力。

The light guide tube introduces the sky light into the dark space under the shell, creating a "cave" style space artistic conception, emphasizing a deliberate calmness. The cool indoor space forms a strong contrast with the colorful earth covered roof, which highlights the expressiveness of curved space at a close scale.

纯净的曲面空间是全专业反复磨合的成果，是各种特例与巧合综合而成的特殊解，成就了世纪馆的唯一性。

The pure curved surface space is the result of repeated running in of the whole profession. It is a special solution synthesized by various special cases and coincidences, which makes the century Pavilion unique.

▼纯净的曲面空间，Pure surface space

▼东馆公共区，Dongguan Public Area

▼西馆公共区，Xiguan public area

▼夜景，Night view

▼VIP区室内空间，Indoor space in VIP area

▼VIP会议室，VIP meeting room

为了降低清水混凝土的建造成本，世纪馆的施工用“针尖法”取代了预制模板，通过在0.8*0.8米的坐标网上密布钢管逐点模拟高程，总共3万个坐标点形成了“针尖阵”还原出了壳体的曲面形态。

In order to reduce the construction cost of fair faced concrete, the prefabricated formwork was replaced by the "needle point method" in the construction of the century Pavilion. By densely distributing steel pipes on the 0.8*0.8m coordinate network to simulate the elevation point by point, a total of 30000 coordinate points formed a "needle point array" to restore the curved surface of the shell.

覆土屋盖种植区被划分为2m见方的网格，利用屋面施工已存在的构造拉结钢丝网片进行固土，化整为零从而避免了整体滑坡的风险，为后续“花海”的种植提供了安全性的保障。

The planting area of the earth covered roof is divided into a 2m square grid. The existing structure of the roof construction is used to tie the steel wire mesh for soil consolidation, so as to avoid the risk of overall landslide and provide a security guarantee for the subsequent planting of the "flower sea".

▼2021年4月施工现场，Construction site in April, 2021

“蝴蝶”壳体是世纪馆解决问题的手段，集合了所有对设计的思考。巨型的覆土地景式坡屋面从建筑的本质出发，在解决设计问题的过程中逐渐促成了蝴蝶第五立面的“花海”的效果，使世纪馆的设计实践过程成为了一场突破制约条件的“蜕变”过程。

The "Butterfly" shell is the solution to the problems of the century Pavilion, which integrates all the thoughts on the design. Starting from the essence of the building, the huge covered landscape slope roof has gradually contributed to the "sea of flowers" effect of the fifth facade of the butterfly in the process of solving the design problems, making the design practice of the century pavilion a "transformation" process that breaks through the constraints.

▼庭院细部，Courtyard details