绿色山谷，波尔多 / MVRDV
MVRDV近日完成了位于法国波尔多巴斯蒂德尼耶尔（Bastide Niel）片区的住宅项目——绿色山谷（La Vallée Verte）。项目坐落于MVRDV总体规划中的林荫街道与旧铁路轨道之间，将总体规划中的“阳光切面（suncuts）”建筑形态与一个郁郁葱葱的“绿色火山口”相结合：一个圆形内庭院被大量植物覆盖，并与宽敞的露台交织在一起。项目提供70套不同户型的住宅，以吸引不同年龄阶段的居民入住。其简洁的白色外观融入这一全新且富有创新精神的城市片区，而内部庭院则营造出一个独特而私密、宛如公园般的绿色空间，为居民与访客提供放松休憩的场所。
MVRDV has completed construction of La Vallée Verte, a residential project within the Bastide Niel district of Bordeaux. Situated between the shaded streets and former railway tracks of MVRDV’s own Bastide Niel masterplan, the project combines the angled forms of the masterplan’s “suncuts” with a verdant “crater”: a circular internal courtyard with an intense abundance of plants adorning generous terraces. Providing 70 new homes of varying sizes to attract residents in all stages of life, the project’s sleek white exterior blends in as part of this brand new, innovative urban district, while the inner courtyard offers a distinctive and secluded park-like space in which residents and visitors can relax.
▼项目鸟瞰，aerial view of the project
▼顶视图，top views
MVRDV制定的巴斯蒂德尼耶尔总体规划位于波尔多加龙河右岸，通过对旧工业区和军事营房的再开发，打造一个全新的城市街区。规划保留了场地历史建筑与原有格局，并以狭窄街道围绕其间，以创造遮荫与亲密的城市尺度。建筑特殊的倾斜屋顶和折角形态则通过一种被称为“阳光切面（suncuts）”的参数化设计方法生成，以确保所有建筑全年都能获得最低限度的直射阳光，避免相互遮挡。随着144个地块分别由本地、国家及国际设计团队开发建设，该片区逐渐形成了一个兼顾可持续性、宜居性与历史特征的新型社区，为欧洲城市传统带来充满活力的当代更新。
▼分析图，analysis diagram
MVRDV’s Bastide Niel masterplan creates a new district on the right bank of the Garonne River in Bordeaux, redeveloping a former industrial area and military barracks. The plan retains the historic structures and layout of the district, surrounding these elements with narrow streets for shade and intimacy. The unusual slopes and angled shapes of the buildings were determined using a parametric approach known as “suncuts” that ensures all buildings receive a minimum amount of direct sunlight throughout the year; no building is overshadowed by its neighbour. With its 144 plots being developed by a wide variety of local, national, and international designers, the result is a district with a focus on sustainability, liveability, and historic character – a vibrant update to the urban tradition of the European city.
▼建筑形态与郁郁葱葱的“绿色火山口”相结合，the architectural form blends with the lush “green crater”
绿色山谷位于巴斯蒂德尼耶尔西北边缘、Queyries码头沿线，是这一总体规划理念的代表性实践。项目由三栋建筑组成，坐落于一块三角形用地之上。面向街道的立面与屋顶延续总体规划所规定的几何形态和采光要求，整体保持平滑简洁，并覆以浅灰色瓷砖。这种材料选择同样遵循总体规划降低城市热岛效应的策略。
▼轴测图，axonometric drawing
Positioned at the north-western edge of Bastide Niel on the Quai des Queyries, La Vallée Verte serves as an exemplary project following the principles of the masterplan. Made up of three buildings on a triangular plot, the street-side façades and roofs are smooth – adhering to the shapes of the masterplan and its daylighting requirements – and are clad in light grey tiles, following the masterplan’s approach to reduce the urban heat island effect.
▼圆形内庭院被大量植物覆盖，the circular inner courtyard is covered with a large number of plants
▼内部庭院独特而私密、宛如公园般的绿色空间，the internal courtyard is unique and private, resembling a park-like green space
▼绿植从地面一直蔓延至最高层，the green plants extend all the way from the ground to the top
▼宽敞的露台，spacious terrace
与外部克制而统一的形象形成鲜明对比的是，场地中央被掏空形成一个圆形庭院，绿植从地面一直蔓延至最高层。面向城市的外立面平整而封闭，而朝向庭院的一侧则采用通高开口，与私人凉廊相连。不同尺寸的种植槽沿凉廊边缘布置，容纳了丰富多样的植物种类——从开花灌木到小型乔木，从常绿植物到落叶植物。项目通过模拟自然山谷景观，在不同高度布置不同植物群落，以支持更加丰富的生物多样性。
▼分析图，analysis diagram
In contrast, at the centre of the site the three blocks are hollowed out into a circular courtyard covered in greenery from the ground to the topmost floors. Where the outward-facing façades are solid and flat, those facing the courtyard have full-height openings that face onto private loggias. Plant pots of various sizes line the edges of these loggias, supporting plants of all types – from flowering shrubs to small trees, and from evergreen to deciduous plants. The project replicates a natural valley landscape, with different plants at different levels, to enable a diversity of species.
▼外观与庭院，exterior view and courtyard
为了确保项目绿化系统能够长期健康生长，设计特别为专业园艺人员设置了贯穿阳台系统的维护通道，以便定期进行养护工作。结构墙体中预留了通行开口，不同住户阳台之间则以钢制门相隔。作为对其功能的一种趣味表达，这些开口与门洞被设计成人形轮廓，其宽檐帽的造型清晰地暗示着园丁的身影。
To ensure the continued health of the project’s greenery, the design provides a route for professional gardeners to access the length of the balconies and provide regular maintenance, with openings placed in the structural walls and steel doors separating the balconies of different neighbours. In a playful acknowledgement of their purpose, these openings and doors take the shape of a person, with a wide-brimmed hat clearly hinting at the silhouette of a gardener.
▼立面细部，details of the facade
▼设计特别为专业园艺人员设置了贯穿阳台系统的维护通道，the design is specifically tailored for professional gardeners, featuring a maintenance passage that runs along the balcony system
通过提供不同面积和类型的住宅单元，绿色山谷吸引了多元化的居住群体，从首次购房的单身人士到大家庭都能在此找到适合的居所。项目还在其中一栋建筑首层设置了一所日间托育中心，并在庭院内部为儿童提供了一处相对独立的户外活动空间，为社区日常生活增添活力。
By providing a mix of apartments of different sizes, La Vallée Verte allows for a diverse mix of residents, ranging from single first-time buyers to large families. The design includes a day-care centre on the ground floor of one of the buildings, providing a secluded external space for the children within the courtyard that brightens up the daily life of the neighbourhood.
▼绿色山谷吸引了多元化的居住群体，La Vallée Verte allows for a diverse mix of residents
整个巴斯蒂德尼耶尔片区均已获得法国“生态社区计划（EcoQuartier）”认证。延续社区整体的可持续发展策略，绿色山谷接入区域集中供热系统，同时利用光伏板满足部分电力需求。项目亦遵循巴斯蒂德尼耶尔“渗透性街道景观”的规划原则，使雨水与洪水能够被自然吸收与疏导——这一点对于位于加龙河洪泛平原上的项目尤为重要。周边社区的停车设施被集中设置于邻近的一座地面停车建筑内，这不仅降低了洪水造成损害的风险，也减少了项目建设过程中的隐含碳排放。同时，首层住宅单元被适当抬高，使洪水来临时水流能够顺利穿过场地。
The entire Bastide Niel district has been certified as part of France’s EcoQuartier initiative. In keeping with the rest of the neighbourhood’s sustainability strategy, La Vallée Verte is connected to a district heating system, while photovoltaic panels provide a portion of its electrical energy needs. It also conforms to Bastide Niel’s principles of a porous streetscape, allowing for the absorption of rainwater and floods – an important consideration due to the project’s location in the Garonne River floodplain. Parking for the surrounding community is consolidated in an adjacent above-ground structure, both reducing the risk of flood damage and reducing the embodied carbon emissions of the project, while ground-floor apartments are elevated to allow water to pass through.
▼住宅室内，interior of the residence
▼露台，terrace
▼露台细部，details of the terrace
▼总平面图，master plan
▼底层平面图，ground floor plan
▼四层平面图，third floor plan
▼剖面图，section
Facts
Project Name: La Vallée Verte
Location: 100 Quai des Queyries, 33100 Bordeaux, France
Year: 2016 – 2024
Client: PICHET Promotion
Size and Programme: 5250 sqm, 70 housing units, restaurant, retail
Credits
Architect: MVRDV
Founding Partner in charge: Winy Maas
Partner: Bertrand Schippan
Design Team: Antoine Muller, Nicolas Land, Charlotte Kientz, Kamile Malinauskaite, Marie Saladin, Nils Christa, Sylvain Totaro, Mickael Pors, Davide Salamino, Javier Cuenca Solana, Quentin Aubry, Karolina Szostkiewicz, Chiara Cappelluti, Erik Obando, Gabrielle Evain, Sabin Andrei Zapareniuc, Céline Haghbin
Business Development: Jan Knikker
Copyright: MVRDV Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries
Collaborators
Co-architect: ADVENTO, Bordeaux, France
Contractor: Ramery, Pyrenees Charpentes, Labastère, ATE Alu, Bers33
Project coordination, Structural engineer, MEP, Cost calculation: ECOTECH
Landscape architect: A+R Paysage (Rémi Salles)
Environmental advisor: ADER ECO
