川南天文台，攀枝花 / TAG 建筑设计

2025-04-16 17:36:18建筑设计文化体育文化建筑现代风格

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传统聚落的现代生长New Growth of Red Village

迤沙拉村外是卵石堆叠的层层梯田，村内是依山就势的院落民居。攀西裂谷强烈的阳光，穿过屋檐之间的缝隙，在狭窄曲折、上下蜿蜒的山村巷道中，投射出棱角分明的几何光影。这是走入迤沙拉时的第一视觉印象，是天文台空间的设计原型。设计首先将辅助空间压缩“回填”，阶梯式修复环境中的山地高差。而后将功能拆解，形成四个小尺度单元错落分布，彼此间通过阶梯、檐廊、连桥串联，用现代的建构语汇转译传统的生动趣味。

Outside Yishala Village are layers of terraced fields piled up with cobblestones, and inside the village are courtyard dwellings built according to the envelope of the mountains. The intense sunlight in the Panxi Valley pass through the gaps between the roofs, casting distinct geometric light and shadows in the narrow, winding, and undulating village alleys. This is the first visual impression upon entering Yishala, and it serves as the design prototype for the observatory space. Firstly, the design compresses and “backfills” the auxiliary spaces, and restores the height differences of the mountainous terrain in the environment by steps. Then, the functions are disassembled to four small-scale units distributed in a staggered pattern. These units are connected in series through stairs, corridors, and bridge, translating the vivid charm of tradition with modern architecture language.

▼项目概览，overview of the project

▼项目鸟瞰，aerial view of the project

▼项目近景，closer view of the project

粗糙的混凝土Rough Concrete

清水混凝土的施工要求较高，国内工程大多是由专业团队分包完成，以达到精致细腻的效果。无奈村里天文台有限的投资难以再次分包，只能 “将就”由本土施工队完成。得不到的精致反而催生了对精致的怀疑：混凝土这个“糙汉子”，为什么一定要打扮成“小姑娘”呢？因此沉色的不均匀、交接的不平整、表层的小瑕疵等不影响结构安全的小毛病，都被原本地保留下来且不做修复，粗糙的红色混凝土看上去犹如脱胎于攀西裂谷，任性自由粗犷不羁。

The construction requirements for plain concrete are relatively high. Most domestic projects are subcontracted to professional teams to achieve a delicate and refined effect. Unfortunately, the limited investment in the village observatory makes it difficult to subcontract again, so it can only be managed by the local construction team. The unattainable refinement has instead given rise to doubts about refinement: why does this “rough guy” of concrete have to be dressed up like a “little girl”? Therefore, minor flaws that do not affect structural safety, such as different coloration, uneven joints, and small surface defects, are all retained as they are without repair. The rough red concrete looks as if it was born from the Panxi Valley, being willful, free, and rugged.

▼粗糙的混凝土表面，rough concrete finishes

▼粗犷不羁的混凝土体块，free and rugged concrete massing

阳光是一种材料Sunlight is Material

天文台立面的混凝土墙体是阳光自由的画布，顶部向外不规则出挑，通过屋盖与墙面的角度错位，形成锐利的立面阴影形态；屋盖之间水平脱开留出缝隙，再利用层高差异将缝隙竖向撕开，缝隙勾勒出的光带投射在墙地面上，形态随时间推移而实时变化。

The concrete walls on the facade of the observatory are perfect canvas for sunlight. The roofs overhang irregularly outward. Through the angular misalignment between the roof and the wall, sharp shadow forms on the facade are created. The roofs are horizontally separated from each other forming gaps, and then the gaps are vertically extended by taking advantage of the space height differences. The light bands outlined by the gaps are projected onto the walls and floors, and their shapes change by time passes.

▼屋盖与墙面的角度错位，the angular misalignment between the roof and the wall

天文台的公共系统大多为半室外环境，空间只需洞口、无需窗户，因此设计用异形的洞口强调此为洞口而非窗户。科普前厅的墙面朝东撕开一个通高的洞口，实墙内部嵌入多个小圆洞，清晨透过洞口可以望见阳光翻过大凉山，洒向迤沙拉，穿过小圆洞，在红色的混凝土墙面上形成跳动的光斑。

▼空间轴测图，space axonometric

Most of the public spaces in the observatory are semi-outdoor environment. The spaces only need openings, not windows. Therefore, the design uses irregular openings to emphasize that these are openings rather than windows. The wall of the multi-function front hall is torn open with a full-height opening facing east, and many small round holes are embedded inside the solid concrete wall. In the early morning, through the opening, visitors can see the sunlight crossing the Daliang Mountains and shining onto Yishala village. The sunlight passes through the small round holes and forms dancing light spots on the red concrete wall.

▼立面上的开口，openings on the facade