黄岩石窟文化艺术中心，台州 / DnA建筑事务所

2025-08-14 14:57:12建筑设计,文化体育,文化建筑 , 现代风格

项目标签

项目地址

项目名称

黄岩石窟活化利用项目代表着我们对后工业景观的社会经济、生态和文化维度的持续关注。与之前在缙云乡村偏远地区的石宕改造不同，黄岩石窟位于更城市化的环境中，紧邻城区。因此，它的功能更加年轻化，更成为了融入城市日常节奏的活跃公共节点。

黄岩区，隶属浙江省台州市，位于浙江黄金海岸线中部，距机场26公里，距高铁站5.3公里，交通便捷。该地区拥有丰富的森林和矿产资源，坐拥“千年永宁、中华橘源、模具之都”三张金名片。

The Huangyan Quarry Revitalization Project represents our continued focus on the socioeconomic, ecological, and cultural dimensions of post-industrial landscapes. Unlike the previous stone quarry transformations in remote rural areas of Jinyun, the Huangyan Quarry is located in a more urbanised environment adjacent to the city proper. Consequently, its programming caters to a younger demographic, evolving into a vibrant public node integrated into the city’s daily rhythms.

Huangyan District, part of Taizhou City in Zhejiang Province, lies at the center of Zhejiang’s Golden Coast. With the airport only 26 km away and the high-speed rail station just 5.3 km away, it enjoys convenient access and strong regional connectivity. The region has abundant forests and mineral resources, and boasts three golden business cards: “Yongning, with a History of Over a Thousand Years, Origin of Chinese Oranges, and the Mold Capital”.

▼项目概览，Overall of the project

▼一号石窟-城市客厅，Quarry No.1 – Urban Living Room

黄岩石窟自唐上元二年（公元675年）由于永宁县城及府城的建设而开始在此地大规模采石筑城。后经年复一年的采石活动，形成了这些百米高，既深又大的石板仓和几十个洞穴，相环拱而成的壮观的人工洞穴。洞穴内部由于从石头里渗透出的金属元素以及被挖空的山体内的水系，形成了全世界唯一的天然岩画景区和洞庭观瀑，碧绿水潭的独特景观。

该场地曾于1989年进行过旅游开发，但由于旅游开发投入资金少、设计不合理、岩洞空间面积窄、宣传力度不够等原因，导致游客稀少，经营困难，已于2015年关停。

The Huangyan Quarry began large-scale stone extraction in 675 AD, during the second year of the Tang Dynasty’s Shangyuan era. This quarrying activity was undertaken to support the construction of Yongning County and the prefectural city. Over centuries of continuous quarrying, a spectacular complex of artificial caves was formed. These include towering, hundred-meter-high slate cliffs, deep and expansive chambers, and dozens of interconnected caverns creating an impressive man-made cave system.

Inside the caves, mineral deposits seeping from the rocks and the underground water systems within the hollowed-out mountains have created the world’s only natural rock painting scenery, along with unique landscapes such as the “Dongting Waterfall View” and emerald-green pools.

The site was developed for tourism in 1989, but due to insufficient investment, poor design, limited cave space, and inadequate promotion, visitor numbers remained low, leading to operational difficulties. It was eventually closed in 2015.

▼一号石窟-城市客厅，Quarry No.1 – Urban Living Room

▼二号石窟-文娱休闲，Quarry No.2 – Entertainment and Leisure space

该项目被设计为一个艺术中心和城市文化设施，反映了其所在位置的多元化环境。位于快速城市化区域的这个石窟，从一个可以追溯到1400多年前的采石场历史遗迹，转变成为宝贵的城市资产。

设计方案强调最小干预，保留场地独特的地质特征，同时改造为公共用途。该项目旨在创造一个”城市客厅”，让来访者能够接触黄岩当地的文化和自然环境。通过将废弃的石窟转变为多功能空间，它成为了文化活动和社区聚会的展示场所。

项目总占地面积约20,000平方米，包含三个洞窟群落。设计改造的重点在于引入必要的通行路径，通过扩大平台和利用石窟现有几何形状的空间来创造停留点。这些空间主要是便于在场地内通行的走道，同时将人体尺度的活动与采石场的工业规模形成对比。在功能上，设计的重点一方面是对路径、交通的梳理，另一方面是提供停留空间，作为未来业态和活动场所，比如咖啡厅、小剧场、文创空间等等。

The project is designed as an art center and urban cultural facility, reflecting the diverse context of its location. Located in a rapidly urbanizing area, this quarry has a history dating back more than 1,400 years and has been transformed into an important urban asset.

The design approach emphasizes minimal intervention, preserving the site’s unique geological features while adapting it for public use. The project aims to create an “urban living room,” allowing visitors to engage with the local Huangyan culture and its natural environment. Through transforming the abandoned quarry into a multifunctional space, the project now serves as a showroom for cultural activities and community gatherings.

The project covers a total area of approximately 20,000 square meters, containing three quarry clusters. The design intervention focuses on introducing necessary circulation paths, creating stopping points with enlarged platforms and rooms that leverage the quarry’s existing geometry. These spaces mainly serve as walkways to facilitate movement throughout the site, while also creating a contrast between human-scale activities and the industrial scale of the quarry. Functionally, the design emphasizes both the organization of pathways and circulation, as well as providing resting spaces to accommodate future commercial formats and activity venues, such as cafés, small theaters, and cultural creative spaces, among others.

▼环境鸟瞰，Aerial view of the site

▼场地平面图，Site plan

▼天然岩画，Natural rock paintings

▼改造前的二号石窟内部，The interior of Quarry No.2 before renovation

交通流线的梳理，通过设置编木拱桥，一方面作为山水文化符号、同时编木拱桥的结构形式也是满足石窟入口狭小，施工操作面局促的有效做法(这种结构形式让构件化整为零、可以提前预制)。另外，这种结构形式也可以从桥的结构放大为新增加的大跨度楼板的结构，同时作为下层空间的屋面。三号石窟窟体较小只作顶部的封闭，则把编木拱密度减小作为屋顶结构并引入顶光。编木拱结构通过不同尺度密度以及界面的反复出现，在这个空间错综复杂的石窟里形成动线上的关联和呼应。

黄岩石窟内因山体成分带有不均匀的矿物成分、后经过千年的手工开采、矿物质的切面形成巨型的黄色的天然岩画。这是石窟的一个重要视觉特征，而这种带黄色矿物质的岩体构成也正是黄岩这个名称的由来。为了强调这种地方特质和空间特征，我们请照明设计将灯光重点投射在这些岩画上、矿物质的黄色和暖色调灯光结合，在空间里成为一个个巨型的发光体，同时提示路径流线。

石窟内部还有大量的下挖洞窟，由于地下水沉积，在一号和二号石窟内形成蓝绿颜色的水体，和黄色岩画对比，也是石窟空间内的主要特征。设计在一号洞裤内部将水体打通，设置三个上下船的码头，这样在一号石窟内形成了一条水路，提供观看石窟的多方位视角。

For the circulation route planning, woven timber arch bridges are incorporated to serve two main purposes. Firstly, they act as cultural symbols reflecting the local landscape aesthetics. Secondly, their structural form effectively addresses the narrow quarry entrance and constrained construction conditions by allowing components to be prefabricated in smaller units and assembled on-site.

Moreover, this structural system can be scaled up from the bridge form to large-span floor slabs in new additions, simultaneously serving as roofing for the lower-level spaces. For Quarry No. 3 with its smaller volume, only the top portion is enclosed, where the density of the woven timber arches is reduced to form the roof structure while introducing overhead lighting.

By varying the scale, density, and interface of the woven timber arches and repeating these elements, the structure creates a visual and functional connection throughout the intricately complex quarry space, establishing circulation flow and spatial relationships.

The quarry interior contains naturally uneven mineral compositions within the mountain mass. After centuries of manual extraction, the mineral cross-sections have formed massive yellow-toned natural rock paintings—a defining visual feature of the site. Notably, these yellow mineral deposits are the etymological origin of “Huangyan” (literally “Yellow Rock”). To emphasis this local identity and spatial character, we directed the lighting design to strategically illuminate these mineral “paintings.” The interplay between the minerals’ yellow hues and warm artificial lighting transforms them into colossal luminous elements within the space, while simultaneously guiding circulation paths.

The quarry contains extensive subterranean chambers where groundwater accumulation has formed turquoise-blue pools in Quarries No. 1 and No. 2. These water bodies create a striking chromatic contrast with the yellow rock paintings, emerging as another key spatial feature. The design intentionally links these pools within Quarry No. 1, incorporating three docking piers at varying elevations to establish a water passage. This intervention enables boat access, offering multi-angled perspectives to experience the quarry.

▼施工过程，Construction process

一号石窟-城市客厅Quarry No.1 – Urban Living Room

一号石窟作为最临近主入口的石窟空间，通过梳理石窟内的形态以及特性，以城市客厅为主题，老城记忆为载体，融入树木、水系、码头、船只、壁画、传统山水人文和城市公共功能。一号石窟主要包含了咖啡休闲空间，工坊，书吧，报告厅，和水景及隧道体验空间。

As the quarry closest to the main entrance, quarry No.1 is themed as an “Urban Living Room,” with the memory of the old city as its core. By refining the cave’s structure and characteristics, it integrates elements such as trees, water features, docks, boats, murals, traditional landscape culture, and urban public functions. The space mainly includes a coffee lounge, workshops, a reading area, a lecture hall, as well as waterscape and tunnel experience areas.

▼一号石窟-城市客厅，Quarry No.1 – Urban Living Room

▼一号石窟近景，Quarry No.1 – Urban Living Room

▼隐藏光影，Hidden lighting feature

▼夜景，Night view

二号石窟-文娱休闲Quarry No.2 – Entertainment and Leisure space

二号石窟以文娱休闲为主要功能。场地中因开采石料而形成类的环形石壁具有天然的良好声学效果。以此为契机结合地形，营造天然剧场。布置了三个剧场及舞台空间，未来还可以增设休闲空间，攀岩及潜水体验空间。

The Quarry No.2 is primarily designed for entertainment and leisure purposes. The circular stone walls formed by the mining of stone materials in the site have natural and good acoustic effects. Taking this as an opportunity to combine with the terrain and create a natural theater. Three theaters and stage spaces, with potential for future additions including leisure spaces, rock climbing facilities, and diving experience zones.

▼二号石窟-文娱休闲，

Quarry No.2 – Entertainment and Leisure space

▼天然剧场，Natural Theater

▼天光，Skylight

▼细部，Details

▼户外空间，Outdoor space

三号石窟-秘境花园Quarry No. 3 – Secret Garden

三号石窟由一系列狭长隧道联通的幽静空间所组成。对三号石窟的改造利用了编木工艺赋予石窟顶部开口处的处理，在不破坏石窟原有风貌的前提下以最轻质的方式完善功能的需求。三号石窟功能将作为餐厅，咖啡厅和接待功能。

The Quarry No. 3 is composed of a series of narrow tunnels connecting secluded spaces. The renovation of this quarry utilized the wood weaving technique to seal the opening at the top of the quarry, meeting the functional requirements in the lightest way possible without damaging the original appearance of the quarry. Quarry No. 3 will function as a restaurant, café, and reception area.

▼三号石窟-秘境花园，Quarry No. 3 – Secret Garden

▼石窟顶部开口处的处理，

The treatment of the opening at the top of the quarry

展廊空间Gallery Space

原本用于连通三个石窟之间的隧道也被改造为展览空间，达到以最小干预的方式合理利用石窟内部空间的目标。

The original tunnels connecting the three quarry have been transformed into exhibition spaces, achieving the goal of rationally utilizing the interior areas with minimal intervention.

▼展廊空间，Gallery Space